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Crohn’s disease is an acute inflammation of the digestive tract and chronic. Although it can affect tissues of the mouth to the anus, the disease usually attacks the small intestine (ileum) – the part closest to the colon. Therefore, the disease found in Burrill B. Crohn (1884-1983) categorized as inflammatory bowel disease.

The cause of Crohn’s disease is not completely understood. This disease seems to occur because the bacteria that normally inhabit the gut into the tissues in the gut wall and trigger a response from the immune system. Immune cells then attack the cells of the intestinal wall itself (an “autoimmune” response), causing the signs and symptoms of inflammation known as Crohn’s disease.

Symptoms

The first symptoms of Crohn’s disease is usually pain in the abdomen at the navel or the appendix in the lower right abdomen. Crohn’s disease is usually accompanied by diarrhea.

In addition, Crohn’s disease can cause various symptoms, such as:

• abdominal distress and cramping

• anemia, or low red blood cell count

• arthritis, with joint pain and swelling

• diarrhea

• fatigue

• fever

• liver damage

• loss of appetite

• malnutrition, as a result of intestinal damage

• rectal bleeding

• skin rash

• visual disturbances

Treatment

The main treatment for Crohn’s disease is a medicine to stop the inflammation in the intestine. Some people have severe, persistent symptoms or complications that may require stronger drugs, combination drugs, or surgery. Types of symptoms experienced by patients and the severity of determining the type of medical care given.

Capgras Syndrome

DescriptionCapgras syndrome is a disorder in which a person delusional belief that a friend,spouse, parent or other close family member, has been replaced by others (cheater).Capgras syndrome is classified as a delusional misidentification syndrome, adelusional belief involving misidentifikasi person, place or object. This syndrome canoccur in acute, temporary, or chronic.Additional knowledge, this syndrome is the name taken from its inventor, Jean MarieJoseph Capgras, the French psychiatrist.SymptomsPatients have the wrong belief of people in surrounding areasTreatmentPsychological therapy is considered the best treatment for this syndrome p0enderita.It takes perseverance to build a therapeutic empathy without fighting the wrong assumption of the patient.

Hiccup

Description ofHiccups are a common condition that affects almost everyone. Hiccups are involuntary contractions involving the diaphragm – the muscle that separates the chest from the abdomen and was instrumental in breathing. Each contraction was followed by sudden closure of the vocal cords which produce sound characteristic "hic". Hiccups diakibat possibility of food, alcoholic beverage or spirit of a sudden. Hiccup attack usually lasts only a few minutes. But in some people, about one in 100,000 people, hiccups can persist for months. This can lead to malnutrition and exhaustion.SymptomsSound hiccup, sometimes preceded by a slight tightness in the chest, stomach or throat, are the only signs and symptoms associated with hiccups. The number of hiccups a minute typically ranges from 4 to 60 times.TreatmentMost cases of hiccups go away without medical treatment. If an underlying medical condition causing hiccups, treatment can eliminate the hiccups. The following treatments may be considered for hiccups that have lasted more than two days: drugs and surgery.

Cradle Cap

DescriptionCradle cap is a scaly patches on the skin of the baby’s head. Though cradle cap is not serious, these patches if left unchecked can cause hardening of the skin (such calluses).Cradle Cap is usually healed by itself within a few months. Self-care measures, such as washing your baby’s scalp every day with a mild shampoo, can help loosen and remove the “dandruff” this baby.SignCommon signs include Cradle Cap:* Appears like the crust thick in the head* Oily skin is covered with pieces of white or yellow scales* Dandruff* Skin rednessTreatmentCradle cap usually does not require medical treatment. Cradle Cap usually clean by itself within a few months. Treatment can be done with baby shampoo once a day with mild baby shampoo.

Rickettsial pox

DescriptionAdalahpenyakit rickettsial pox is spread by ticks. Tick ​​bite causes chickenpox-likerash on the body. The disease is commonly found in New York City and other urbanareas. UMM data indicate that this disease has menyebabr to South Africa, Korea,and Russia. The disease is spread by the bite of fleas that live on rats.SymptomsThe disease starts at the location of tick bite is painful and red bumps forming.Developing nodules are fluid-filled blisters burst. Terebut enlarged lump-about an inch.Other symptoms include:* Discomfort in bright light (photophobia)* Fever and chills* Muscle pain (myalgia)* A rash that looks like chicken pox* Sweating (diaphoresis)TreatmentThe goal of treatment is to treat the infection. Treatment is with antibiotics doxycyclinebase.

Celiac

DescriptionCeliac disease is a syndrome in which intestinal malabsoprsi unable to absorb nutrients from food. The disease is not contagious and sometimes inherited from parents.The disease is associated with nutritional foods that contain wheat.SymptomThese symptoms include:* Diarrhea* Weight loss* Abdominal bloating* Vomiting* IrritabilityTreatmentCeliac disease effects can be minimized by a special diet. People with celiac disease learn to avoid the proteins in cereal.

German Measles (Rubella)

DescriptionRubella, also called German measles or three-day measles, is a contagious viral infection of the skin. Rubella is not the same as measles (rubeola), though the two diseases do share several characteristics, including a red rash on the skin.SymptomsThe signs and symptoms of rubella, especially in children, are often so mild that it is difficult to see. If signs and symptoms occur, they usually appear between two and three weeks after exposure to the virus. Rubella usually lasts about two to three days and symptoms are as follows: * Mild fever with a temperature of 38.9 degrees Celsius or lower * Headache * Nasal congestion or runny nose * Sore, red eyes * pink rash that begins on the face of rapidly spreading back and then the arms and legs sore joints, especially in young womenTreatmentThere is no treatment for rubella infection shorten. Symptoms are usually very mild, usually not needed. However, doctors often recommend to isolate the patient from others – especially pregnant women – during the period of infection.

Tail Bone Injury

DescriptionThe coccyx is a triangular bone located at the bottom of the spine. Tail bone injury canresult in bruises, dislocated bones, or broken tail bone.Causes of coccyx injury, among others, the wrong sitting position, a direct blow to the spine, injured or broken during labor, tension or friction, such as repetitive movementsat rowing and cycling.SymptomsPain in the spine, bruising, pain increases when sitting, difficulty in defecation.TreatmentThe main objective of treatment is to reduce the symptoms with sufferers are advisednot to sit too long, taking pain medications, can also compress the ice around the injured bone.

Bulimia Nervosa

Description:Bulimia Nervosa is a psychological disorder characterized by excessive eating butthen vomit. With regurgitate food, people think they can maintain their weight.The exact cause of this disorder is not known with certainty, which would generally this disorder diidap women.Psychological disorders is the opposite of Anorexia Nervosa. People with anorexiaeat very small amounts, but excessive exercise.Symptoms:- people spend a lot of fast food- regurgitate food- super strict diet- excessive exercise- patients have a tendency to blame alcohol and drugsTreatment:Patients can be treated with psychotherapy or antidepressants.

Chicken Pox

DescriptionChicken pox is caused by Varicella Zoster virus it is contagious. In the skin the patient will find a collection of small spots, sided fluid, or scab. The spots are to make peoplefeel itchy. SymptomsNew symptoms appear 10-21 days after infection. Patients often meneluhkanheadache, fever, and fever.TreatmentTreatment is aimed at preventing the occurrence of complications such as heartinflammation, joint inflammation, and inflammation of the liver. Hygienic environmentaround the patient, including bed hand hygiene can reduce the incidence of infectioncontinued.

Blepharospasm

Description:Blepharospasm is a term used to describe uncontrollable blinking eyelids. This is caused by spontaneous contractions eye muscles.Under normal circumstances, within one minute of human eyelid blink as much as tentimes. However, in patients with blepharospasm eyes blink more than ten times in a minute.The cause of this blinking disorder is unclear, but this disorder is related todisturbances in the basal ganglia. Basal ganglia are part of the brain that regulatesand spontaneous movement.Symptoms:- blink more than ten times without underlying cause- glare- the surface of dry eye ballsTreatment:Treatment is usually with the provision of medicines, such as Botox (botulinum toxin)injections, and surgery.

Lumps on breasts

Description Changes in the breast are common. Starting from the age of adolescence, she began to develop breasts and begin to experience menstruation. Throughout life, women may also experience various kinds of pain in the breast and there is a change in their breasts. Some of these changes usually occur during the menstrual cycle, during pregnancy, and when the elderly.These changes can be a lump in the breast or other changes. Most breast lumps and other changes are not the type of cancer.Breast composed of several glands and brownish area around the nipple called the areola.Under the areola are lactiferous ducts. This section contains milk for breastfeeding women.When a girl reaches puberty, changing hormonal levels cause the channel to grow and cause the deposition of fat in breast tissue increases. Glands that produce milk (mammary glands) are linked to the surface of the breast by the lactiferous tract may extend into the armpit area (axilla). Just knowledge, there are no muscles in the breast, but muscles under the breast over the ribs.Lump in the breast tissue normally found in an unexpected or during a routine breast self examination. Most lumps are not cancer but a sign of changes in breast tissue. The changes are influenced by hormonal variations that are normal.Breast breast pain is a common problem, especially for young women who still have menstrual periods. Pain is more often experienced by older women. The pain is sometimes a woman’s concerns. Could be a pain in the breast is a symptom of breast cancer. Because most breast cancers are marked with a bump.Symptom Though worried about the lump in the breast is not necessarily cancer. Most commonly associated with fibrocystic changes. Pain that arises can occur in both breasts, though sometimes one may be more painful than others. Fibrocystic changes are causing pain that occurred approximately one week before the menstrual period. The pain usually goes away gradually along with the arrival of her menstrual period.Treatment In most women with breast pain, physical examination and mammogram are normal. If this happens, most likely breast pain is not caused by cancer, but rather is part of the normal function of the breast. Most breast without lumps (60-80%) will disappear on its own.

Abscess

DescriptionAbscess is an inflammation of the hair follicle and surrounding skin. The most common cause is the bacteria staphylococcus aureus. Initially only the infected hair follicle, but then because of the friction, iristasi, and less caring for the body of the infection can spread to the surrounding tissue and become ulcers. Other causes can also occur because of an ingrown hair that causes injury so that foreign objects into the skin.Ulcer started with red bumps and soft on the skin area, which gradually become harder. Then in the middle of the lump that formed a white top – that will break down or be removed.There are several types of boils, acne cysts – usually occurs in young skin, hidranetitis suppurativa – kalenjar local inflammation due to sweat. Abscess of this type arise more than one fruit, the location d armpit or groin area, pilonidal cyst – usually grows in the folds of the buttocks. At first only in the form of infection in the hair follicle, and then added irritation from pressure from sitting too long.SignAbscess is characterized by pain, inflammation and swelling.HealingTo ripen quickly boils to burst with hot compresses for 30 minutes performed two times a day.For patients with ulcers are advised to not push yourself, to avoid infection.

Cough

Coughing is not a disease but a symptom of disease. Coughing is a reflex the body's defense to remove phlegm, ripple, and other foreign matter from the respiratory tract. Therefore, the term for relieving symptoms of cough is called symptomatic. Cough consists of two kinds: (1) dry cough, and (2) cough with phlegm. As for the medicine also can be divided into two types: (1) Anti-tusif: dextromethorphan and diphenhydramine. (2) Expectorant: guaifenesin, glyceryl guaikolat, ammonium chloride, and succus bromheksin liquiritae. Anti-tusif useful for treating dry cough while expectorant to treat cough with phlegm. One type of cough is a cough bronkittis. This type of cough due to inflammation of the airways to the lungs. Brokitis can be distinguished in several ways according to the cause. Infectious bronchitis caused by viruses and bacteria. Recurrent bronchitis in smokers and people with lung disease. Irritating bronchitis caused by dust, smoke, air pollution, and smoking.

Mouth Odor

DescriptionBad breath can happen, whether permanent or temporary. These disorders have an impact or a negative image for the sufferer. Moreover, if the chronic bad breath or in the language of medicine known as halitosis. Bad breath is usually caused by decaying food particles and bacteria in the mouth. Causes of bad breath among other stomach disorders, diseases, dry mouth, smoking or coffee and alcohol, flavorful foods, tonsillitis, or because the bacteria in the mouth. Symptoms and SignsThis type of bad breath depends on the source or cause.TreatmentHere are tips for overcoming bad breath:1. brush your teeth after eatingBe sure to brush your teeth twice a day. Brushing teeth to clean up leftover food and bacteria that cause halitosis.2. brush tongueCleaning the tongue regularly with a soft bristle brush to clean the bacteria and food remnants cause bad breath.3. cleaning denturesBad breath can also be caused by dentures are used dirty. At least cleaning false teeth twice a day can reduce the problem of bad breath4. drinking water as much as possibleto keep the mouth moist and remove parrtikel keep food and bacteria, drinking water is recommended.5. Regular dental examinationTeeth are porous and are not healthy can also be a source of bad breath. Checked routinely recommended to reduce the potential for bad breath.6. eliminate the habit of smoking and drinking alcoholSmoking habits and alcohol consumption one of the causes of bad breath.Abandoning the habit in addition to keeping fresh smell of the mouth is also good for health.7. fibrous foodsEating fibrous foods such as vegetables and fresh fruits and avoid foods that can cause bad breath such as onions, banana, and sweet foods to prevent bad breath.Fiber foods also serve to launch the digestive tract. Indigestion sometimes also be a cause of bad breath odor.

Bacterial Gastroenteritis

DescriptionBacterial gastroenteritis is a very common disorder. Bacterial gastroenteritis is a disorder of the stomach and the intestines caused by bacteria.These disorders have many causes, can range from mild to severe, and usually manifests with symptoms of vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal discomfort. Another reason some of these symptoms, including viral infection, improper diet, malabsorption syndrome, various enteropathies, and inflammatory bowel disease. So far, the most common complication is dehydration.Some disturbing examples of bacteria that include: Campylobacter jejuni (Campylobacter enteritis), Clostridium, E.coli (E. coli enteritis), Salmonella (Salmonella enteritis), Shigella (Sh, igella enteritis), Yersinia.SymptomSome organisms cause different symptoms, but common symptoms include: nause and vomiting, abdominal cramps, or abdominal pain.TreatmentBecause most infections are not contagious diarrhea, treatment is primarily medical in nature. Oral rehydration is the mainstay of treatment. Infants at high risk for secondary complications, by Karen and require close monitoring, as did their parents. Consider intravenous rehydration when oral rehydration is not successful. Particular attention should be paid to the needs of the potassium you need.

Barret Esophagus

Description:Barrett esophagus is a condition in which the color and composition of cell walls is lower than the wall of the esophagus, usually due to repeated exposure to stomach acid.Barrett esophagus is most often diagnosed in people who have long-term refluxdisease (GERD).Barrett esophagus can increase the risk of esophageal cancer. Despite the small risk of esophageal cancer, monitoring and treatment of Barrett esophagus to focus onfinding precancerous esophagus. If precancerous cells are found, the condition canbe treated to prevent esophageal cancer.Additional information, the exact cause of Barrett’s esophagus is unknown.Symptoms:Signs and symptoms of Barrett’s esophagus is usually associated with acid reflux andmay include:- Frequent heartburn- Difficulty swallowing food- Chest pain- Vomiting bloodTreatment:Some treatments can be done include:- surgery- remove damaged cells with mucosal endoma- uses radiofrequency to remove the abnormal tissue.

Acute Bronchitis

Description:Bronchitis is an infection in the lungs caused by viruses or bacteria. The infectioncauses inflammation of the lung tissue. In general, bacterial and viral infection willcause dry cough or cough with phlegm. If untreated, bronchitis can turn into pneumonia.Symptoms:- cough- sputum- fever- chest painTreatment:The treatment is done is to take antibiotics as ceftin, augmentin, levaquin. In addition,patients are advised to drink fluids as much as possible, and stop smoking.

Stomach Ulcer

DescriptionStomach ulcers are very active on the inside of the stomach or the upper small intestine(duodenum). Ulcers form when the intestine or stomach protection is weak. When thishappens, water-related damage to the contents of the stomach or digestive stomachtissue. Stomach ulcer did not last long in which a condition experienced by most peoplethroughout their lives.SymptomsSymptoms include:-stomach was burning, sickly, abdominal pain-pain sometimes disappear after taking anti-acid-poor appetite-vomit after mealsblood-vomitingTreatmentTo treat stomach ulcers generally require the role of medical personnel to provide relief.If a patient infected with H. pylori, patients need antibiotics. Desperately neededantibiotics to treat this disease.Patients can accelerate healing by quitting smoking and limiting alcohol consumption.Next is to continue taking aspirin, ibuprofen.

Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH)

Description:The prostate is a walnut-sized organ located below the bladder (where urine). The prostate helps to maintain semen. Prostate Problems often occur in men aged 50 years or more.Benign prostatic hyperplasia is nonmalignant (non-cancerous) enlargement of the prostate gland, commonly occurs in men. This condition is also known as benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH).Symptoms:Some symptoms are difficulty in starting urination, urine is slowed down, and frequenturination.Treatment:If it does not cause severe symptoms that patients usually do not check the disease.Treatment of BPH is usually reserved for people who have significant symptoms.